SUBJECT:	JAPANESE LANGUAGE
TOPIC:	Vocabulary Review 1

A. Particles

Particles	Comments	Examples
Wa	Topic marker	Watashi wa Sumisu desu. Hayashi-san wa Kyōto ni ikimasu. Ōsaka ni wa ikimasen. Kinō wa Sumisu-san no uchi ni ikimashita. Sukiyaki wa senshū tabemashita.
No	Possessive particle	Tōkyō Denki no Tanaka desu. Watashi no mesihi desu. Watashi no desu. Atarashii no o tsukaimasu. Nihon no kurama desu. 100-en no kitte o kudasai. Kyōto no shisha ni ikimashita. Tēburu no ue ni hana to shimbun ga arimasu. Kyonen no 5-gatsu 18-nichi ni ikimashita. Shokuji no ato de shimbun o yomimasu. Tsugi no shingō o migi ni magatte kudasai. Tomodachi no Kurāku-san ni moraimashita. Watashi no sukina iro desu.
Ka	Question marker	Sumisu-san desu ka. Bengoshi desu ka, kaishain desu ka. Donata desu ka. Sō desu ka.
Kara	From	10-ji kara desu. 10-ji kara 6-ji made desu. Amerika kara kimashita. Tōkyō eki kara Azabu made 30-pun kakarimashita. Kyō wa do-yōbi desu kara, byōin wa 12-ji made desu.
Made	Until	6-ji made desu. 10-ji kara 6-ji made des. Byōin made 5-fun gurai arukimashita. Tōkyō eki kara Azabu made 30-pun kakarimashita.
O	Object marker	Sore o kudasai. Kabuki omimasu. Nihongo no benkyō o shimasu. Tsugi no shingō o migi ni magatte kudasai. Hikōki wa nanji ni Ōsaka o demasu ka.
Mo	Too	Kore mo 3,000-en desu. Ōsaka ni mo ikimasu ka. Hon mo yomitai desu. Dare mo imasen.
De		Hitori de ikimasu. (with how many people) 5,000-en de onegaishimasu. Takushi de kimashita. (by) Ginza no pureigaido de kaimashita. (at + verb, nouns and place names concerned with actions) Taishikan de pātī ga arimasu. Shigoto no ato de tomodachi to shokuji o shimashita.
To	Ø With Ø And (no more)	Kaisha no hito to ikimasu. (with) Tēburu no ue ni hana to shimbun ga arimasu. (and)
Ga	Information: Ø new to listener Ø unknown Ø in question	Dono densha ga ikimasu ka. Tomodachi no Rinda-san ga kimashita. Ikkai ni ima ga arimasu. Maiasa kōhī o nomimasu ga, nani mo tabemasen. (but) Katō desu ga, go-shukin wa irasshaimasu ka. (courteous hesitation, no particular meaning)
Ni		Ōsaka no shisha ni/eikimasu. (to) Sumisu-san wa 3-ji ni kūkō ni tsukimashita. Nichi-yōbi ni ikimashita. (on (time)) Ima ni isu ya tēburu ga arimasu. (at (place)) Bengoshi ni aimas. Tomodachi ni tegami o kakimasu. (indirect object marker or recipient) Kurāku-san wa Tanaka-san ni kabin o agemashita. Tanaka-san wa Kurāku-san ni/kara kabin o moraimashita. Nikkō ni/e sukī ni ikimasu. Ryokō-gaisha ni tsutomete imasu. Nyū Yōky ni sunde imasu.
Ya	And (with more)	Ima ni isu ya tēburu ga arimasu.
Ne	You see? Isn’t there?	1. Asoko ni uketsuke ga arimasu ne.
Yo	I tell you	1. Ee, arimasu yo.

B. Interrogatives

Interrogatives	Comments	Examples
Donata/dare	Who (known subject)	Kochira wa donata/dare desu ka.
Donata/dare no	Whose	Kore wa donata/dare no hon desu ka.
Dare to	With who	Sumisu-san wa dare to Narita Kūkō ni ikimasu ka.
Dare ga	Who (unknown subject)	Dare ga kyō taishikan ni ikimasu ka. Niwa ni dare ga imasu ka.
Dare ni	To who	Dare ni denwa o shimasu ka. Dare ni aimasu ka.
Nan	What (known subject)	Kore wa nan desu ka.
Nan-ji	What time	Ima nan-ji desu ka.
Nan de	By what	Sumisu-san wa Tanaka-sanno uchi ni nan de ikimashita ka. Sumisu-san wa nan de Ei-go no setsumei o kikimashita ka.
Nani ga	What (unknown subject)	Ima ni nani ga arimasu ka. Konban taishikan de nani ga arimasu ka. Ryōri wa nani ga ii desu ka.
Nani o	What (with verb)	Shūmatsu ni nani o shimasu ka.
Nan ban	What number	Tanaka-san no denwa-bangō wanan-ban desu ka.
Itsu	When (decided)	Tanjōbi wa itsu desu ka. Itsu Nihon ni kimashita ka.
Itsu ga	When (undecided)	Kaiga wa itsu ga ii desu ka.
Ikura	How much (¥)	Sore wa ikura desu ka.
Ikutsu	How many	Tēburu no ue ni ringo ga ikutsu arimasu ka.
Doko	Where	Basu noriba wa doko desu ka.
Doko no	From where	Korea wa doko no kamera desu ka.
Doko ni	To where	Tanaka-san wa kinō doko ni ikimashita ka. Tanaka-san wa doko ni imasu ka. Kuruma no kagi wa doko ni arimasu ka. Doko ni denwa o shimasu ka. Sumisu-san no o-niisan wa doko ni sunde imasu ka.
Doko de	Where at	Kyō doko de hiru –gohan o tabemasu ka. Pātī wa doko de arimasu ka.
Doko ga	Where (undecided)	Resutoran wa doko ga ii desu ka.
Dono	Which	Dono densha ga ikimasu ka.
Dore	Which one	Ano kasa wa ikura desu ka. Dore desu ka.
Dōshite	Why	Dōshite Sumisu-san wa kūkō ni ikimasu ka.
Donna	What kind of	Tōkyō Hoteru wa donna hoteru desu ka. Donna kagu ga suki desu ka.
Ikaga/dō	How is it?	Kabuki wa ikaga/dō deshita ka. Dō shimashita ka.
Donogurai	How long?	Do-yōbi ni donogurai shigoto o shimasu ka. Donogurai kakarimasu ka.
Dōyatte	How? (method)	Dōyatte Tōkyō Byōin ni ikimashita ka.
Dō	How? (opinion)	Kabuki wa dō deshita ka.

C. Sentence Patterns

Sentence Patterns	Sample Sentences
… wa … desu	1. Watashi wa Tanaka desu. 2. Kore wa kaisha no denwa-bangō desu. 3. Ginkō wa 9-ji kara 3-ji made desu. 4. Kono ringo wa totemo oishii desu. 5. Kyō wa ii tenki desu ne. 6. Kabuki wa totemo omoshirokatta desu.
… wa … ga … desu	1. Watashi wa ringo ga suki desu. 2. Watashi wa atama ga itai desu. 3. Nomimono wa jūsu ga ii desu. 4. Watashi wa sui-yōbi ga ii desu.
-tai desu	1. Nihon no furui kagu o kaitai desu.
… ni … ga arimasu/imasu	1. Ikkai ni ima ga arimasu. 2. Niwa ni Tanaka-san ga imasu.
… wa … ni arimasu/imasu	1. Tanaka-san wa tonari no heya ni imasu. 2. Takushī noriba wa eki no mae ni arimasu.
… o onegaishimasu	1. Sandoitchi to sarada o onegaishimasu.
… o kudasai	1. Kore o kudasai. 2. 100-en no kitte o 10-mai kudasai.
… ni/e -masu	1. Watashi wa ashita ginkō ni ikimasu.
… de … o -masu	1. Watashi wa raishū Ginza de kabuki o mimasu.
… ni … o - masu	1. Watashi wa tomodachi ni tegami o kakimasu. 2. Sumisu-san wa Hayashi-san ni hon o moraimashita.
… wa … ga -masu	1. Watashi wa eiga no kippu ga 2-mai arimasu. 2. Waashi wa taipu ga dekimasu.
… de … ga arimasu	1. Do-yōbi ni taishikan de pātī ga arimasu.
… ni -masu	1. Watashi wa 9-ji ni kaisha ni tsukimasu.
… o -masu	1. Watashi wa 5-ji ni kaisha o demasu.
-masen ka	1. Issho ni sukī ni ikimasen ka. 2. Raishū no do-yōbi ni uchi ni kimasen ka.
-mashō ka	1. Nanji ni aimashō ka. 2. Chizu o kakimashō ka.
-te, -masu	1. Watashi wa kinō shigoto no ato de, shokuji o shite, 9-ji goro uchi ni kaerimashita.
-te imasu	1. Yamada-san wa ima denwa o shite imasu. 2. Kurāku-san wa Tōkyō ni sunde imasu. 3. Watashi wa Tanaka-san o yoku shitte imasu.
-te kudasai	1. Chotto matte kudasai.
-te mo ii desu ka	1. Kono heya o tsukatte mo ii desu ka.
-naide kudasai	1. Koko de tabako o suwanaide kudasai.

D. Adjectives

-i adjectives
Abunai	Dangerous	Akarui	Bright, cheerful
Amai	Sweet	Atarashii	New
Atatakai	Warm	Atsui	Hot
Chiisai	Small	Chikai	Near
Furui	Old	Hayai	Fast, early
Hikui	Low	Hiroi	Wide
Ii	Good	Isogashii	Busy
Itai	Painful	Karai	Hot, spicy
Karui	Light	Kitanai	Dirty
Kurai	Dark	Mijikai	Short
Muzukashii	Difficult	Nagai	Long
ōi	Many, much	Oishii	Delicious
ōkii	Large	Omoi	Heavy
Omoshiroi	Interesting	Omoshiroi	Interesting
Osoi	Slow, late	Samui	Cold
Semai	Narrow	Shiokarai	Salty
Sukunai	Few, little	Suppai	Sour
Suzushii	Cool	Tadashii	Correct
Takai	High, expensive	Tanoshii	Pleasant
Tōi	Far	Tsumaranai	Boring
Tsumetai	Cold	Wakai	Young
Warui	Bad	Yasashii	Easy
Yasui	Cheap
-na adjectives
Anzenna	Safe	Benrina	Convenient
Daijina	Important	Damena	No good
Fubenna	Inconvenient	Fushinsetsuna	Unkind
Genkina	Well, healthy	Hetana	Unskillful
Himana	Free	Iroirona	Various
Jōzuna	Skillful	Kiraina	Unlikeable
Kireina	Clean, pretty	Nigiyakana	Lively
Shinsetsuna	Kind	Shitsureina	Rude
Shizukana	Quiet	Sukina	Likeable
Teineina	Polite	Yūmeina	Famous
Majimena	Serious
colour words
Akai	Red	Aoi	Blue
Chairoi, Chairo no	Browns	Kiiroi, kiiro no	Yellow
Kuroi	Black	Midoriiro no	Green
Murasaki no	Purple	Shiroi	White

E. Verb Conjugation

Regular I
-MASU	-TE	-NAI	Dictionary	-TA	English
aimasu	atte	awanai	au	atta	meet
arimasu	atte	nai	aru	atta	be, have
arukimasu	aruite	arukanai	aruku	aruita	walk
chigaimasu	chigatte	chigawanai	chigau	chigatta	be wrong
gambarimasu	gambatte	gambaranai	gambaru	gambatta	do one’s best
hairimasu	haitte	hairanai	hairu	haitta	enter
iimasu	itte	iwanai	iu	itta	say
ikimasu	itte	ikanai	iku	itta	go
irasshaimasu	irasshatte	irasshairanai	irassharu	irasshatta	go, be
itadakimasu	itadaite	itadakanai	itadaku	itadaita	accept
kaerimasu	kaette	kaeranai	kaeru	kaetta	return
kaimasu	katte	kawanai	kau	katta	buy
kakarimasu	kakatte	kakaranai	kakaru	kakatta	(it) takes
kakimasu	kaite	kakanai	kaku	kaita	write
keshimasu	keshite	kesanai	kesu	keshita	turn off
kikimasu	kiite	kikanai	kiku	kiita	ask
kikimasu	kiite	kikanai	kiku	kiita	listen
komimasu	konde	komanai	komu	konda	be crowded
machimasu	matte	matanai	matsu	matta	wait
magarimasu	magatte	magaranai	magaru	magatta	turn
mochimasu	motte	motanai	motsu	motta	have, hold
moraimasu	moratte	morawanai	morau	moratta	receive
nomimasu	nonde	nomanai	nomu	nonda	drink
norimasu	notte	noranai	noru	notta	ride, get on
okurimasu	okutte	okuranai	okuru	okutta	send
oshimasu	oshite	osanai	osu	oshita	push
owarimasu	owatte	owaranai	owaru	owatta	finish
shitteimasu	shitte	shiranai	shiru	shitta	know
suimasu	sutte	suwanai	suu	sutta	smoke
sumimasu	sunde	sumanai	sumu	sunda	live
torimasu	totte	toranai	toru	totta	take (picture)
tsukaimasu	tsukatte	tsukawanai	tsukau	tsukatta	use
tsukimasu	tsuite	tsukanai	tsuku	tsuita	arrive
tsukurimasu	tsukutte	tsukuranai	tsukuru	tsukutta	make
urimasu	utte	uranai	uru	utta	sell
wakarimasu	wakatte	wakaranai	wakaru	wakatta	understand
yomimasu	yonde	yomanai	yomu	yonda	read
Regular II
agemasu	agete	agenai	ageru	ageta	give
akemasu	akete	akenai	akeru	aketa	open
dekimasu	dekite	dekinai	dekiru	dekita	be able
demasu	dete	denai	deru	deta	leave
imasu	ite	inai	iru	ita	be
kakemasu	kakete	kakenai	kakeru	kaketa	sit down
mimasu	mite	minai	mru	mita	see
misemasu	misete	misenai	miseru	miseta	show
orimasu	orite	orinai	oriru	orita	get off
oshiemasu	oshiete	oshienai	oshieru	oshieta	tell
shimemasu	shimete	shimenai	shimetru	shimeta	close
tabemasu	tabete	tabenai	taberu	tabeta	eat
todokemasu	todokete	todokenai	todokeru	todoketa	deliver
tomemasu	tomete	tomenai	tomeru	tometa	stop, park
tsukemasu	tsukete	tsukenai	tsukeru	tsuketa	turn on
(ki o) tsukemasu	tsukete	tsukenai	tsukeru	tsuketa	be careful
tsutomemasu	tsutomete	tsutomenai	tsutomeru	tsutometa	work for
Irregular
komasu	kite	konai	kuru	kita	come
mottekimasu	mottekite	mottekonai	mottekuru	mottekita	bring
shimasu	shite	shinai	suru	shita	do
Onegaishimasu	onegaishite	onegaishinai	onegaisuru	onegaishita	beg a favour
shitsureishimasu	shitsureishite	shitsureishinai	shitsureisuru	shitsureishita	be rude
Compounds
denwa o shimasu			telephone
doraibu o shimasu			go for a drive/driving
gorufu o shimasu			play golf
hanashi o shimasu			talk
kaigi o shimasu			have a meeting
kaimono o shimasu			shop
kopī o shimasu			make a copy
kurīningu o shimasu			dry clean
pātī o shimasu			give a party
ryokō o shimasu			take a trip
setsumei o shimasu			explain
shigoto o shimasu			work
shōkai o shimasu			introduce
shutchō o shimasu			go on a business trip
sōbetsukai o shimasu			give a farewell party
sōji o shimasu			clean
sukī o shimasu			ski
taipu o shimasu			type
tenisu o shimasu			play tennis
unten o shimasu			drive
yoyaku o shimasu			make a reservation

F. Ko-so-a-do

	Ko- words	So- words	A- words	Do- words
Direction	Kochira Here, this way	Sochira There, that way	Achira Over there	Dochira Where
People	Kochira This person	Sochira That person	Achira That person there	Donata, dare who
Thing	Kore This	Sore That	Are That over there	Dore Which
Place	Koko Here	Soko There	Ako (Asoko) Over there (that place over there)	Doko Where
Demonstrative	Kono kamera This camera	Sono kamera That camera	Ano kamera That camera there	Dono camera Which camera

G. Counters

Numbers 1 – 10
1	Hitotsu	5	Itsutsu	9	Kokonotsu
2	Futatsu	6	Muttsu	10	Tō
3	Mittsu	7	Nanatsu	11	Jūichi
4	Yottsu	8	Yattsu	12	Jūni
1. Floors of a house or building: -kai.
1	Ikkai	5	Gokai	9	Kyūkai
2	Nikai	6	Rokkai	10	Jūkai
3	Sankai	7	Nanakai	11	Jūikkai
4	Yonkai	8	Hachikai	12	Jūnikai
1^st basement	Chikai ikkai	2^nd basement	Chikai nikai	Which/how many	Nan-kai
2. Liquid measure (cupful, glassful): -hai, -bai, -pai.
1	Ippai	5	Gohai	9	Kyūhai
2	Nihai	6	Roppai	10	Jūhai
3	Sanbai	7	Nanahai	11	Jūippai
4	Yonhai	8	Happai	12	Jūnihai
How many	Nambai
3. People: -nin
1	Hitori	5	Gonin	9	Kyūnin
2	Futari	6	Rokunin	10	Jūnin
3	Sannin	7	Nananin	11	Jūichinin
4	Yonnin	8	Hachinin	12	Jūninin
How many	Nannin
4. Times: -kai, -do 5. Degrees: -do
1	Ikkai, ichido	5	Gokai, godo	9	Kyūkai, kyūdo
2	Nikai, nido	6	Rokkai, rokudo	10	Jūkai, jūdo
3	Sankai, sando	7	Nanakai, nanado	11	Jūikkai, jūichido
4	Yonkai, yondo	8	Hachikai, hachido	12	Jūnikai, jūnido
How many	Nankai, nando
6. Sheets, thin, flat objects such as paper, records, etc: -mai
1	Ichi-mai	5	Go-mai	9	Kyū-mai
2	Ni-mai	6	Roku-mai	10	Jū-mai
3	San-mai	7	Shichi/Nanamai	11	Jūichi-mai
4	Yon-mai	8	Hachi-mai	12	Jūni-mai
How many	Nan-mai
7. Long, slender objects such as pencil, bottles, etc: -hon, -bon, -pon
1	Ippon	5	Gohon	9	Kyūhon
2	Nihon	6	Roppon	10	Juppon
3	Sambon	7	Nanahon	11	Jūippon
4	Yonhon	8	Happon	12	Jūnihon
How many	Nan-bon

H. Extents, Frequency, Quantity

1. Extent

Ø Totemo: very, extremely

Ø Dake: only

Ø Amari… -nai/-masen: not very

Ø Zenzen… -nai/masen: not at all

2. Frequency

Ø Itsumo: always

Ø Yoku: often

Ø Tokidoki: sometimes

Ø Tamani: occasionally

Ø Amari…-masen: not very often

Ø Zenzen…-masen: never

3. Quantity

Ø Takusan: a lot, many

Ø Sukoshi: few, a little

Ø Zenzen…-masen: none at all

4. Others

Ø Yukuri: slowly

Ø Hontō ni: truly, really

I. Time Expressions

Every, MAI-
Every day		Mainichi		Every evening/night		Maiban
Every morning		Maiasa		Every week		Maishū
Every month		Maigetsu/maitsuki		Every year		Mainen/maitoshi
Relative Time
Day before yesterday		Ototoi		Yesterday		Kinō
Today		Kyō		Tomorrow		Ashita
Day after tomorrow		Asatte
Morning before last		Ototoi no asa		Yesterday morning		Kinō no asa
This morning		Kesa		Tomorrow morning		Ashita no asa
Morning after tomorrow		Asatte no asa
Evening before last		Ototoi no ban/yoru		Yesterday evening		Kinō no ban/yoru
This evening		Komban		Tomorrow evening		Ashita no ban/yoru
Evening after tomorrow		Asatte no ban/yoru
Week before last		Sensen-shū		Last week		Sen-shū
This week		Kon-shū		Next week		Rai-shū
Week after next		Sarai-shū
Month before last		Sensengetsu		Last month		Sengetsu
This month		Kongetsu		Next month		Raigetsu
Month after next		Senraigetsu
Year before last		Ototoshi		Last year		Kyonen
This year		Kotoshi		Next year		Rainen
Year after next		Sarainen
A.M.		Gozen		P.M.		Gogo
Weekend		Shūmatsu		Afternoon		Hirusugi
Morning		Asa		Evening		Ban
Night		Yoru		Late afternoon, early evening		Yūgata
Day		Hi		Afterwards		Ato de
A moment		Shōshō		Before		Mae ni
Recently		Saikin		Soon		Mō sugu
Seasons
Spring		Haru		Summer		Natsu
Autumn		Aki		Winter		Fuyu
Days of the Week
Sunday	Nichiyōbi		Wednesday	Suiyōbi	Saturday		Doyōbi
Monday	Getsuyōbi		Thursday	Mokuyōbi	Weekend		Shūmatsu
Tuesday	Kayōbi		Friday	Kinyōbi
Days of the Month
1	Tsuitachi		11	Jūichinichi	21		Nijūichinichi
2	Futsuka		12	Jūninichi	22		Nijūninichi
3	Mikka		13	Jūsannichi	23		Nijūsannichi
4	Yokka		14	Jūyokka	24		Nijūyokka
5	Itsuka		15	Jūgonichi	25		Nijūgonichi
6	Muika		16	Jūrokunichi	26		Nijūrokunichi
7	Nanoka		17	Jūshichinichi	27		Nijūshichinichi
8	Yōka		18	Jūhachinichi	28		Nijūhachinichi
9	Konokoka		19	Jūkunichi	29		Nijūkunichi
10	Tōka		20	Hatsuka	30		Sanjūnichi
Months
January	Ichigatsu		May	Gogatsu	September		Kugatsu
February	Nigatsu		June	Rokugatsu	October		Jūgatsu
March	Sangatsu		July	Shichigatsu	November		Jūichigatsu
April	Shigatsu		August	Hachigatsu	December		Jūnigatsu

J. Nouns

Parts of the Face
Chin, jaw	Ago		Tooth		Ha
Nose	Hana		Forehead		Hitai
Cheek	Hoho		Hair		Kami
Mouth	Kuchi		Lip		Kuchibiru
Eyelid	Mabuta		Eyelash		Matsuge
Eyebrow	Mayu/mayuge		Eye		Me
Ear	Mimi		Tongue		Shita
Parts of the Body
Foot, leg	Ashi		Skin		Hifu
Shoulder	Kata		Hip		Koshi
Neck	Kubi		Chest		Mune
Throat	Nodo		Stomach, abdomen		Okara
Buttock	Oshiri		Back		Senaka
Hand	Te		Nail		Tsume
Arm	Ude		Finger, toe		Finger, toe
Parts of the Home
Kitchen	Daidokoro		Exit		Deguchi
Door	Doa		Bathroom		Furoba
Garage	Garēji		Entrance hall		Genkan
Room	Heya		Living room		Ima
Entrance	Iriguchi		Window		Mado
Garden	Niwa		Dining room		Shukodō
Lavatory	O-tearai
Furniture (Kagu)
Light	Denki		Heater		Hītā
Chair	Isu		Dryer		Kansōki
Showcase	Kēsu		Refrigerator		Reizōko
Washing machine	Sentakuki		Sofa		Sofā
Shelf	Tana		Chest of drawers		Tansu
Table	Tēburu		TV set		Terebi
Cabinet	Todana		Table		Tsukue
Drinks
Beer	Bīru		Tea		O-cha
Juice	Jūsu		Coffee		Kōhī
Milk	Miruku		Beverage		Nominomo
Japanese rice wine	O-sake		Soup		Sūpu
Whiskey	Uisukī		Wine		Wain
Fruits/Dessert
Dessert	Dezāto		Fruit		Kudamono
Ice cream	Aisukurīmu		Japanese cake		O-kashi
Cake	Kēki		Melon		Meron
Tangerine	Mikan		Apples		Ringo
Tomato	Tomato
Food
Food	Ryōri		Breakfast		Asa-gohan
Lunch	Hiru-gohan		Dinner		Ban-gohan
Beef	Gyū-niku		Meat		Niku
Bread	Pan		Fish		Sakana
Sandwich	Sandoitchi		Salad		Sarada
Shabushabu	Shabushabu		Sukiyaki		Sukiyaki
Steak	Sutēki		Egg		Tamago
Chicken	Tori-niku		Vegetable		Yasai
Objects
Picture	E		Sea mail		Funabin
Postcard	Hagaki		Ashtray		Haizara
Box	Hako		Flower		Hana
Vase	Kabin		Key		Kagi
Umbrella	Kasa		Catalogue		Katarogu
Airmail	Kōkūbin		Mug		Koppu
Car	Kuruma		Medicine		Kusuri
Business Card	Meishi		Water		Mizu
Parcel	Nimotsu		Change ($$)		Otsuri
Receipt	Reshito		Photograph		Shashin
Spoon	Supūn
Stationery
Map	Chizu		Pencil		Empitsu
Book	Hon		Dictionary		Jisho
Postage stamp	Kitte		Christmas card		Kurisumasu kādo
New year card	Nengajō		Pen		Pen
Newspaper	Shimbun		Letter		Tegami
Text	Tekisuto		Magazine		Zasshi
Clothing
Bag	Kaban		Shoes		Kutsu
Socks	Kutsushita		Eye glasses		Megane
Necktie	Nukutai		Sweater		Sētā
Equipment
Video	Bideo		Battery		Denchi
Film	Fuirumu		Earphone		Iyahōn
Camera	Kamera		Radio		Rajio
Record	Rekōdo		CD		Shīdī
Tape	Tēpu		Tape recorder		Tēpurekōdā
Inanimate Names
Address	Jūsho		Name		Namae
Telephone number	Denwa bango		Work		Shigoto
News	Nyūsu		Music		Ongaku
Explanation	Setsumei		Trip		Ryokō
Colour	Iro		History		Rekishi
Class	Jugyō		Reservation		Yoyaku
Dry cleaning	Kurīngu		Foreign country		Gaikoku
Festival	Matsuri		Fever		Netsu
Feeling	Kibun		Time		Jikan
Mariage	Kekkon		Politics		Seiji
Place	Tokoro		Group		Gurūpu
Society, social condition	Shakai		Way of thinking		Kangaekata
Economy	Keizai
Places
Bank	Ginko		School		Gakkō
Company	Kaisha		Home		Uchi
Embassy	Taishikan		Department store		Depāto
Post office	Yūbinkyoku		Company Branch		Shisha
Station	Eki		Kūkō		Airport
Park	Kōen		Office Building		Biru
Reception	Uketsuke		General building		Tatemono
Postbox	Posuto		Supermarket		Sūpā
-Store	-ya		Taxi-stand		Takushī noriba
Store	Mise		Town, street		Machi
Hospital	Byōin		Ticket office		Kippu-uriba
Bus terminal	Basu-noriba		Ticket gate		Kaisatsuguchi
Police box	Kōban		Theater booking agency		Pureigaido
Coffee shop	Kissaten		Tennis club		Tenisu kurabu
Bar	Bā		Hotel		Hoteru
Sea	Umi		Temple		O-tera
Corner	Kado		Traffic light		Shingō
Intersection	Kōsaten		No parking area		Chūsha Kinshi
Parking lots	Chūshajō		Side		Gawa
Travel agency	Ryokō-gaisha		Mountain		Yama
Library	Toshokan		Hot spring		Onsen
Events
Welcome party	Kangeikai		Wedding		Kekkon-shiki
Movie	Eiga		Lunch time		Hiru-yasumi
Conference, meeting	Kaigi		Summer vacation		Natsu-yasumi
Party	Pātī		Meal		Shokuji
Business trip	Shutchō		Farewell party		Sōbetsukai
Transportations
Walk	Aruite ikimasu		Bus		Basu
Subway	Chikatetsu		Electric train		Densha
Airplane	Hikōki		Taxi		Takushi
Relative Positions
Left	Hidari		Right		Migi
Top	Ue		Under		Shita
Next to	Tonari		Next		Tsugi
Near	Chikaku		Just before		Temae
Inside	Naka		In front of		Mae
Straight ahead	Massugu
Nothing
Nobody	Dare mo imasen		Nothing		Nani mo arimasen
Occupations
Lawyer	Bengoshi		Student		Gakusei
Secretary	Hisho		Doctor		Isha
Company employee	Kaishain		Superintendent		Kanrinin
Switchboard operator	Kōkanshu		Store clerk		Ten’in
Driver	Untenshu
People
Alone	Hitori de		Friend		Tomadachi
Man	Otoko no hito		Woman		Onna no hito
Boy	Otoko no ko		Girl		Onna no ko
Child	Kodomo		Client		O-kyaku-san
Everyone (excluding speaker)	Mina-san		Everyone		Minna
Relatives
Family		Kazoku		Go-kazoku
Husband		Shujin		Go-shujin
Wife		Kanai		Okusan
Child		Kodomo		Kodomo-san/okosan
Son		Musuko		Musuko-san/botchan
Daughter		Musume		Musume-san/ojō-san
Parents		Ryōshin		Go-ryōshin
Father		Chichi		O-tōsan
Mother		Haha		O-kāsan
Grandfather		Sofu		Ojī-san
Grandmother		Sobo		Obā-san
Brothers and sisters		Kyōdai		Go-kyōdai
Older brother		Ani		O-nii-san
Older sister		Ane		O-nē-san
Younger brother		Otōto		Otōto-san
Younger sister		Imōto		Imōto-san
Grandchild		Mago		O-mago-san
Uncle		Oji		Oji-san
Aunt		Oba		Oba-san
Nephew		Oi		Oigo-san
Niece		Mei		Meigo-san
Cousin		Itoko		O-itoko-san

K. Greetings

Colloquial Bits
Please ……		.…… kudasai
It’s nice		Ii desu ne.
Hello		Moshi moshi
Please eat		Meshiagatte kudasai
I’d be happy to		Yorokonde
Take care of yourself		Dōzo o-daiji ni
By Salespeople
May I help you?/Come in!/Welcome!		Irasshaimase.
Formal
How nice of you to come.		Yoku irasshaimashita.
Do come in		Dōzo ohairi kudasai
May I? (I’m afraid I’ll be disturbing)		Shitsurei shimasu
Please have a sit.		Dōzo okake kudasai
Please do		Onegaishimasu
Please wait		Omachi kudasai
Would you like one? How about some?		Ikaga desu ka.
No thank you, that was enough		Iie, mō kekkō desu
Thank you for your invitation		Omaneki arigatō gozaimasu
Please come again.		Mata kite kudasai
Take care, be careful		Ki o tsukete
Prepositions
Connective (and, etc)	Sorekara	And then	Soshite
And (particle)	To	And (etc) (particle)	Ya
So, because	Kara	Already	Mō
But (end of sentence)	Ga	More	Mō
But (start of sentence)	Demo	After that	Sorekara
Not yet	Mada desu	Well….	Sā
About, concerning	Ni tsuite	Other	Hoka