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SUBJECT: |
JAPANESE LANGUAGE |
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TOPIC: |
Present Condition |
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SOURCE: |
Association for Japanese-Language Teaching (1994) Japanese
for Busy People I (Revised Edition) Lesson 27 |
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DATE: |
10 Mar 2003 |
Mr. Smith tells Mr. Hayashi that his brother has arrived in Japan.
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Sumisu: |
Senshū ani ga Amerika kara Nihon ni kimashita. |
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Hayashi: |
O-niisan wa okusan to issho ni kimashita ka. |
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Sumisu: |
Iie, shigoto desu kara, hitori de kimashita. Ima Kyōto ni itte Imasu. Ani wa ryokō-gaisha ni tsutomete imasu. |
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Hayashi: |
O-niisan wa itsu made Kyōto ni imasu ka. |
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Sumisu: |
Konshū no sui-yōbi made imasu. Sorekara Honkon ni itte, Amerika ni kaerimasu. |
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Hayashi: |
Amerika no doko ni sunde imasu ka. |
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Sumisu: |
Nyū Yōku ni sunde imasu. |
Sumisu-san no o-niisan wa ryokō-gaisha ni tsutomete imasu. Senshū Nihon ni kimashita. Ima Kyōto ni itte imasu.
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Smith: |
My (older) brother came to Japan from America last week. |
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Hayashi: |
Did your brother come with his wife? |
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Smith: |
No, he came on business, so he came alone. He’s in Kyoto
now. My brother works for a travel agency. |
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Hayashi: |
How long will your brother be in Kyoto? |
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Smith: |
He’ll be there until this week Wednesday. After that he’ll
go to Hong Kong, then return to America. |
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Hayashi: |
Where does he live in America? |
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Smith: |
He lives in New York (City). |
Mr. Smith’s (older) brother works for a travel agency. He came to Japan last week. Now he is in Kyoto.
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ani o-niisan ryokō-gaisha tsutomemasu sumimasu |
(my) older brother (your) older brother travel agency serve, hold a post live |
1. The verb-TE IMASU is used here. IMA KYŌTO NI ITTE IMASU literally means, “having gone to Kyoto, he is there now.” Other common examples of this usage are, TANAKA-SAN WA KEKKON SHITE IMASU. “Mr. Tanaka is married (literally, Mr. Tanaka having got married, is married.”) And BENGOSHI WA MŌ KIMASHITA KA. “Has the lawyer come yet?” HAI, KITE IMASU. “Yes he has.”
2. The particle used with the verb TSUTOMERU is NI. In ANI WA RYOKŌ-GAISHA NI TSUTOMETE IMASU, the verb –TE form is used. When asked what kind of work they do, Japanese usually reply by giving their place of work rather than the type of work. Note also that in Japanese siblings are always referred to as older or younger brothers or sisters, for which there are separate words.
3. In describing where people live, the verb –TE form (SUNDE) is used. URU, the verb meaning “sell” and SHIRU “know” is similarly used in the –TE form.
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Related to the speaker |
Related to others |
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Family |
Kazoku |
Go-kazoku |
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Husband |
Shujin |
Go-shujin |
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Wife |
Kanai |
Okusan |
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Child |
Kodomo |
Kodomo-san/okosan |
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Son |
Musuko |
Musuko-san/botchan |
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Daughter |
Musume |
Musume-san/ojō-san |
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Parents |
Ryōshin |
Go-ryōshin |
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Father |
Chichi |
O-tōsan |
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Mother |
Haha |
O-kāsan |
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Grandfather |
Sofu |
Ojī-san |
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Grandmother |
Sobo |
Obā-san |
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Brothers and sisters |
Kyōdai |
Go-kyōdai |
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Older brother |
Ani |
O-nii-san |
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Older sister |
Ane |
O-nē-san |
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Younger brother |
Otōto |
Otōto-san |
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Younger sister |
Imōto |
Imōto-san |
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Grandchild |
Mago |
O-mago-san |
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Uncle |
Oji |
Oji-san |
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Aunt |
Oba |
Oba-san |
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Nephew |
Oi |
Oigo-san |
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Niece |
Mei |
Meigo-san |
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Cousin |
Itoko |
O-itoko-san |
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chika ryokō-gaisha shimasu sumimasu tsutomemasu urimasu |
basement (literally underground) travel agency know live serve, hold a post sell |
1. Sumisu-san no o=niisan waima Nihon ni kite imasu. “Mr. Smith’solder brother is in Japan now.”
2. Kurāku-san wa Tōkyō ni sunde imasu. “Mr. Clark lives in Tokyo.”
3. Hayashi-san wa Nihon Ginkō ni tsutomete imasu. “Mr. Hayashi works for the Bank of Japan.”
4. Watashi wa Tanaka-san o yoku shitte imasu. “I know Mr. Tanaka well.”
5. Chika 1-kai de niku ya sakana o utte imasu. “They sell meat, fish (and other things) in the first basement.”
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Suzuki: |
Sumisu-san wa doko ni tsutomete imasu ka. |
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Sumisu: |
ABC ni tsutomete imasu. |
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Suzuki: |
Jā, Kyōto shisha no Satō-san o shitte imasu ka. |
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Sumisu: |
Ee, shitte imasu. |
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Suzuki: |
Where do you work, Mr. Smith |
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Smith: |
I work forABC. |
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Suzuki: |
Then do you know Mr. Sato in the Kyoto branch? |
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Smith: |
Yes, I do. |