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SUBJECT: |
JAPANESE LANGUAGE |
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TOPIC: |
How Much? |
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SOURCE: |
Association for Japanese-Language Teaching (1994) Japanese
for Busy People I (Revised Edition) Lesson 4 |
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DATE: |
20 Jan 2003 |
Mr. Smith goes shopping in the department store.
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Depāto no ten’in: |
Irasshaimase. |
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Sumisu: |
Sore o misete kudasai. |
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Depāto no ten’in: |
Hai, dōzo. |
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Sumisu: |
Kore wa ikura desu ka. |
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Depāto no ten’in: |
Sanzen-en desu. |
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Sumisu: |
Sore wa ikura desu ka. |
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Depāto no ten’in: |
Kore mo sanzen-en desu. |
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Sumisu: |
Ja, sore o kudasai. |
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Depāto no ten’in: |
Hai, arigatō gozaimasu. |
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Store clerk: |
May I help you, sir? |
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Smith: |
Would you show me that, please? |
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Store clerk: |
Certainly, sir. Here you are. |
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Smith: |
How much is this? |
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Store clerk: |
3,000 yen. |
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Smith: |
How much is that one? |
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Store clerk: |
This one’s 3,000 yen too. |
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Smith: |
Well then, please give me that one. |
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Store clerk: |
Very well sir. Thank you. |
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ten’in irasshaimase sore o (particle) misete kudasai misemasu ikura sanzen-en -en mo (particle) ja kudasai |
store clerk Come in!/Welcome! (greeting to customers in stores/restaurants) that, that one object marker, particle Please show me show how much 3,000 yen yen (¥) too (particle) Well then… Please give me… |
1. Whereas English has only “this” and “that,” Japanese has three separate indicators: KORE, SORE and ARE.
KORE: something near the speaker.
SORE: something near the person spoken to.
ARE: something not near
either person.
2. The particle MO means “too, also, either.” It is used in both affirmative and negative sentences.
e.g. KORE WA WATSHI NO KASA JA ARIMASEN. SORE MO WATASHI NO JA ARIMASEN. “This is not my umbrella. That’s not mine either.”
3. DEWA and JA correspond to “well” or “well then”, an interjection expression conclusion or resignation.
4. KUDASAI, “please give me” follows the object (a noun referring to concrete things only) + object marker O. In this case, ONEGAISHIMASU can also be used instead of KUDASAI.
5. IKURA means “how much”.
e.g. KONO FUIRUMU WA IKURA DESU KA. “How much is this film?”
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hyaku nihyaku sambyaku yonhyaku gohyaku roppyaku nanahyaku happyaku kyūhyaku sen nisen sanzen yonsen gosen rokusen nanasen hassen kyūsen ichiman jūman hyakuman senman ichioku jūoku hyakuoku sen’oku itchō rei, zero rei ten go san hachi ten nibun no ichi bun |
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 100,000,000 1,000,000,000 10,000,000,000 100,000,000,000 1,000,000,000,000 0 0.538 decimal point ½ part/fraction. |
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kasa terebi rajio tēpurekōdā haizara mizu ringo reshīto |
umbrella television radio tape recorder ashtray water apple receipt |
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kore sore are |
this that (near you) that (over there) |
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Irasshaimase misete kudasai. ikura kudasai dewa ja |
Come in/Welcome/Greetings to customer. please show me. how much please give me well then (formal) well then (colloquial) |
1. Kore wa tokei desu. “This is a watch.”
2. Sore mo tokei desu. “That is a watch too.”
3. Are wa 3,000-en desu. “That one (over there) is ¥3,000.”
4. Kore o kudasai. “Give me this one, please.”
5. Are mo kudasai.”Give me that one (over there) too please.”
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Sumisu: |
Sumimasen. Are wa rajio desu ka. |
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Ten’in: |
Iie, radio dewa arimasen. Tēpurekōdā desu. |
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Sumisu: |
Kore wa rajio desu ka. |
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Ten’in: |
Hai, rajio desu. |
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Sumisu: |
Ikura desu ka. |
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Ten’in: |
28,000-en desu. |
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Sumisu: |
Dewa, kore o kudasai. |
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Smith: |
Excuse me. Is that a radio? |
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Clerk: |
No, it’s not a radio. It’s a tape recorder. |
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Smith: |
Is this a radio? |
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Clerk: |
Yes, it’s a radio. |
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Smith: |
How much is it? |
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Clerk: |
It’s ¥28,000. |
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Smith: |
Then, I’ll take this. |